Il Full Moon Poya Day is a Buddhist public holiday in Sri Lanka that marks the conclusion of the 'Vassana' period, which is a three-month annual retreat adhered to by Buddhist monks. It falls on the day of the full moon in the month of 'Il', usually in the Gregorian month of November. This holiday is part of the twelve Poya Days in the Sinhalese calendar, commemorated every lunar month as a day of spiritual reflection and observance of precepts. It marks significant events in Buddhism and showcases the high regard Sri Lankans have for their faith.
On Il Full Moon Poya Day, shops and businesses in Sri Lanka are closed, allowing people to partake in religious activities. Devotees throng to temples to make offerings, listen to sermons, and engage in meditation. Special cultural and religious programs are also aired on local radio and television. Large food stalls, called 'Dansalas,' are set up in major cities to provide free food, in keeping with the tradition of 'Dana' or charity, one of the fundamental practices in Buddhism.
In addition to its religious significance, the Il Full Moon Poya Day also commemorates several historical events such as the arrival of Sanghamitta Theri in Sri Lanka carrying a sapling of the sacred Bodhi Tree under which Buddha achieved enlightenment. The tree was planted in Anuradhapura and is considered the oldest tree with a known planting date in the world. Many Buddhists embark on a pilgrimage during this time. Thus, Il Full Moon Poya Day holds both religious and historical importance in Sri Lanka, entailing reflection, ritual and festivities.