Language Martyrs' Day, more commonly known as 'Ekushey February', is a remarkable occasion in Bangladesh. Celebrated annually on February 21, this significant holiday is a tribute to the momentous language movement that took place in 1952. This was when students and political activists laid down their lives in protest, fighting for the recognition of their mother tongue, Bangla, as a national language. The incident was a pivotal point in the ultimately successful struggle for the nation's independence from Pakistan, which was achieved two decades later.
The holiday is marked by various ceremonies and events across the country. The Shahid Minar, or Martyr's Monuments, are visited by millions of people, who pay homage by laying flowers at the shrines dedicated to those who died in the struggle. Cultural programs and art competitions are held throughout the country as a way to celebrate the diversity of the Bangladeshi culture and language. Schools and colleges organize rallies where attendees walk barefoot to the Shahid Minar, singing the mournful 'Amar Bhaiyer Rokte Rangano Ekushey February', a song that commemorates the sacrifices of the martyrs.
Language Martyrs' Day is not only significant in Bangladesh but also internationally. It has been recognized by UNESCO as International Mother Language Day since 1999, to promote linguistic diversity and multilingual education. The emphasis of this day gives linguistic, cultural and racial minorities around the world a chance to highlight their languages and cultures. It celebrates cultural diversity and reminds that linguistic difference should not be a cause of strife, but a source of strength and mutual enrichment.