Losar is one of the most significant celebrations in Bhutan and other countries that have a significant population of Buddhists. The term 'Losar' is a combination of two Tibetan words, 'Lo' meaning 'year' and 'Sar' meaning 'new'. So, Losar essentially means the 'New Year'. It marks the beginning of the New Year based on the lunar calendar, quite similar to the Chinese New Year. However, the specific dates can vary slightly as the lunar calendar may not align with the Gregorian calendar year.
The Losar festival, which usually lasts between 15 days to a month, is rich in cultural and spiritual significance. It's filled with elaborate rituals, which include making offerings to the deities, feasting, dancing, and engaging in various other forms of merrymaking. Traditional dishes, like dried meat and cheese, are prepared and loved ones exchange gifts. Homes are thoroughly cleaned as people adorn new clothes symbolising a fresh start. It is common for Bhutanese to visit monasteries, make charitable donations, and light butter lamps in honor of the deceased during this time.
Among these festivities, one of the most notable features of Losar is the vibrant and lively Cham Dance. This dance is performed by monks who wear masks and costumes representing various deities, animals, and characters from Bhutanese mythology. The dance portrays the triumph of good over evil, and the vanquishing of the old year’s negative forces to make way for positivity in the forthcoming year. Overall, Losar is a time for Bhutanese people to come together, reinforce their cultural identity, and look forward to the New Year with hope and optimism.