The Restoration of Independence is a national holiday in Portugal observed every 1st of December. The holiday marks the day in 1640 when a group of Portuguese nobles staged a successful coup against Spanish rule. After 60 years of being under the Spanish Habsburgs' rule following the Crisis of Succession, the revolution restored the independence and sovereignty of Portugal, making it a standalone nation once again.
This revelatory event in history was sparked by the acute economic hardships and loss of Portuguese autonomy over its colonies under Spanish rule. The coup leaders were from the high nobility, including the Duke of Braganza, who was subsequently crowned as King João IV, marking the start of the Braganza dynasty. The Restoration War followed the revolution, which ended in 1668, when Spain finally recognized Portugal’s independence.
On the Restoration of Independence day, various commemorative events and celebrations are held throughout Portugal. The day signifies not only the nation’s freedom from Spanish rule but also the enduring spirit of the Portuguese people. It serves as a meaningful reminder for the Portuguese of their hard-fought struggle for autonomy, pride in their rich historical past, and a notable part of their national identity.