Novruz Bayram is one of the most important holidays in Azerbaijan, marking the start of the New Year and the arrival of Spring. It is an ancient holiday that dates back thousands of years, to the time when most Azerbaijanis were Zoroastrians. Novruz Bayram embodies a whole range of customs, rituals, and traditions. The holiday is celebrated on March 21st, the day of the vernal equinox, but festivities usually begin a month before, on February 19th.
The rituals associated with Novruz Bayram are richly symbolic, reflecting the ancient Azerbaijanis' respect for natural elements like fire, water, earth and wind. Elements of mysticism are also woven into the holiday traditions. For example, people jump over bonfires as a way of purifying their souls and banishing bad luck. The holiday table is decorated with a 'khoncha' (a tray with sweets, nuts, dried fruits, and various dishes) and the 'samani' (green sprouts symbolizing life's force and fertility).
Novruz Bayram is more than a celebration of the New Year and Spring; it also represents renewal, rebirth, and a new start. The holiday provides an opportunity for families and friends to get together, share meals, and participate in traditional games and activities. The spirit of Novruz promotes values of peace and solidarity between generations and within families, love and respect towards the elders, and hospitality extended to strangers. In 2009, UNESCO recognized Novruz Bayram as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, acknowledging its significance and the need for its preservation.